Abstract: Objective　To analyze the cause of death among patients with advanced schistosomiasis in Jiaxing City of Zhejiang Province from 2000 to 2020. Methods　The medical records of 167 dead patients with advanced schistosomiasis that were registered in Jiaxing First Hospital and received national medical assistance program from 2010 to 2020 were collected, and compared with the data of advanced schistosomiasis patients without national medical assistance program in the same city from 1998 to 2008. Results　Among the 167 advanced schistosomiasis patients in Jiaxing City during the period from 2010 to 2020, the four most common causes of death included liver failure (22.16%), upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (17.37%), hepatic encephalopathy (14.97%) and liver cancer (14.37%), and the dead patients were predominantly at ages of 70 to 74 years, with a mean age of 74.8 years. The four most common causes of death included upper gastrointestinal bleeding (34.16%), hepatic encephalopathy (22.28%), unexplained causes (22.28%) and liver failure (4.46%) among advanced schistosomiasis patients without national medical assistance in Jiaxing City from 1998 to 2008, and the dead patients were predominantly at ages of 60 to 69 years, with a mean age of 69.3 years. There were significant differences between patients detected from 2010 to 2020 and from 1998 to 2008 in terms of causes of death ([χ2] = 63.42, P = 0.00) and age of death ([χ2] = 50.09, P = 0.00). Conclusion　There are significant changes in the cause of death among patients with advanced schistosomiasis in Jiaxing City from 2010—2020, which may be attributed to the implementation of the national medical assistance program.

Key words: Advanced schistosomiasis, Cause of death, Jiaxing City

摘要： 目的　分析2010—2020年浙江省嘉兴市晚期血吸虫病（晚血）患者死亡原因。方法　收集2010—2020年嘉兴市第一医院登记在册并接受国家晚血医疗救助的167例晚血患者死亡资料，并与1998—2008该市未接受国家晚血医疗救助的晚血患者资料进行比较。结果　2010—2020年嘉兴市167例晚血死亡患者中，按人数多少排名前4位的死因分别为肝功能衰竭（22.16%）、上消化道出血（17.37%）、肝性脑病（14.97%）及肝癌（14.37%）；平均死亡年龄74.8岁，死亡年龄主要集中在70 ~ 74岁。1998—2008年嘉兴市晚血患者按人数多少排名前4位的死因分别为上消化道出血（34.16%）、肝性脑病（22.28%）、不明原因（22.28%）、肝功能衰竭（4.46%）；平均死亡年龄为69.3岁，死亡年龄主要集中在60 ~ 69岁。2010—2020年嘉兴市晚血患者死因构成（[χ2] = 63.42，P = 0.00）及年龄构成（[χ2] = 50.09，P = 0.00）差异均有统计学意义。结论　2010—2020年嘉兴市晚血患者死亡原因发生了显著变化，可能与国家晚血医疗救助政策的实施有关。

关键词: 晚期血吸虫, 死亡原因, 嘉兴市