Abstract: Objective　To investigate the protective effect of Echinococcus granulosus hydatid cyst fluid protein (HCFP) on ovalbumin (OVA)⁃induced allergic rhinitis (AR) in mice. Methods　Twenty⁃four BALB/c mice at ages of 8 to 10 weeks, each weighing approximately 20 g, were randomly divided into four groups, including groups A (blank control group), B (blank intervention group), C (AR model group) and D (AR+HCFP intervention group), with 6 mice in each group. On days 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12, mice in groups A, B, C and D were injected with 200 μL sterile phosphate buffered saline (PBS), 200 μL sterile PBS containing 20 μg HCFP, 200 μL sterile PBS containing 50 μg OVA and 5 mg Al(OH)3 gel, and 200 μL sterile PBS containing 50 μg OVA, 5 mg Al(OH)3 gel and 20 μg HCFP, respectively. On days 14 to 20, mice in groups A, B, C and D were administered with 40 μL sterile PBS, 40 μL sterile PBS containing 20 μg HCFP, 40 μL sterile PBS containing 2 mg OVA and 40 μL sterile PBS containing 2 mg OVA and 20 μL HCFP by nasal drop, respectively. Mouse behavioral changes were observed and behavioral scores were estimated. The serum levels of interferon⁃γ (IFN⁃γ), interleukin⁃4 (IL⁃4), IL⁃5, IL⁃10, transforming growth factor⁃β (TGF⁃β) and OVA⁃specific IgE antibody (OVA⁃sIgE) were measured using enzyme⁃linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the pathological changes of mouse nasal mucosa were observed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Results　The mean behavioral score was significantly greater in Group C (6.83 ± 0.50) than in groups A (1.17 ± 0.52) and B (1.33 ± 0.52) (P < 0.05), while a lower mean behavioral score was estimated in Group D (3.50 ± 0.50) than in Group C (P < 0.05). There were significant differences among the groups in terms of serum IFN⁃γ (F = 4.08, P < 0.05), IL⁃4 (F = 275.90, P < 0.05), IL⁃5 (F = 96.82, P < 0.05), IL⁃10 (F = 77.67, P < 0.05), TGF⁃β (F = 9.98, P < 0.05) and OVA⁃sIgE levels (F = 44.69, P < 0.05). The serum IFN⁃γ level was significantly lower in Group C than in groups A, B and C (P < 0.05), and the serum levels of IL⁃4, IL⁃5 and OVA⁃sIgE were significantly higher in Group C than in groups A, B and C (P < 0.05), while the serum IL⁃10 and TGF⁃β levels were significantly greater in Group D than in Group C (P < 0.05). Microscopy showed apparent loss of nasal mucosa cilia, increased number and enlargement of goblet cells, interstitial edema and submucous vascular dilation in Group C, while the pathological changes of nasal mucosa were alleviated in Group D relative to Group C. Conclusion　E. granulosus HCFP has a protective activity against OVA⁃induced allergic rhinitis in mice.

Key words: Echinococcus granulosus, Hydatid cyst fluid protein, Ovalbumin, Allergic rhinitis, Mouse

摘要： 目的　观察细粒棘球蚴囊液蛋白（hydatid cyst fluid protein，HCFP）对卵清蛋白（ovalbumin，OVA）诱导的小鼠变应性鼻炎（allergic rhinitis，AR）的保护作用。方法　将24 只BALB/c小鼠（8～10周龄，体质量约20 g）随机分成A（空白对照组）、B（空白干预组）、C（AR模型组）、D （AR + HCFP干预组）4组，每组6只。在基础致敏阶段（实验第0、2、4、6、8、10、12天），A、B、C、D组小鼠分别腹腔注射200 μL无菌磷酸盐缓冲液（phosphate buffered saline, PBS），含20 μg HCFP的无菌PBS溶液，含50 μg OVA 和5 mg Al(OH)3凝胶的无菌PBS溶液，含50 μg OVA、5 mg Al(OH)3凝胶和20 μg HCFP 的无菌PBS溶液。在局部激发阶段（实验第14～20 天），A、B、C、D组小鼠分别鼻腔滴注体积为40 μL的无菌PBS、含20 μg HCFP的无菌PBS、含2 mg OVA的无菌PBS、含2 mg OVA和20 μL HCFP的无菌PBS。观察各组小鼠行为学改变并进行行为学评分，采用酶联免疫吸附试验（enzyme⁃linked immunosorbent assay，ELISA）检测各组小鼠血清γ干扰素（interferon⁃γ, IFN⁃γ）、白细胞介素4（interleukin⁃4, IL⁃4）、IL⁃5、IL⁃10、转化生长因子⁃β（transforming growth factor⁃β, TGF⁃β）和OVA特异性IgE抗体（OVA⁃sIgE）水平，采用苏木精⁃伊红（HE）染色观察各组小鼠鼻黏膜病理学改变。结果　C组小鼠行为学评分[（6.83 ± 0.50）分]显著高于A组[（1.17 ± 0.52）分]和B组[（1.33 ± 0.52）分]，D组小鼠行为学评分[（3.50 ± 0.50）分]较C组降低（P均 < 0.05）。4组小鼠血清IFN⁃γ（F = 4.08, P < 0.05）、IL⁃4（F = 275.90, P < 0.05）、IL⁃5（F = 96.82, P < 0.05）、IL⁃10（F = 77.67, P < 0.05）、TGF⁃β（F = 9.98, P < 0.05）及OVA⁃sIgE水平（F = 44.69, P < 0.05）差异均有统计学意义。C组小鼠血清IFN⁃γ水平低于A、B组和C组，且血清IL⁃4、IL⁃5、OVA⁃sIgE水平均高于A、B组和C组（P均 < 0.05）；D组小鼠血清IL⁃10、TGF⁃β水平高于C组（P均 < 0.05）。镜下观察显示，C组小鼠鼻黏膜纤毛脱落缺损明显，杯状细胞数量增多且体积增大，间质水肿，黏膜下见小血管扩张；D组小鼠鼻黏膜病变较C组轻。结论　HCFP对OVA诱导的小鼠AR具有保护效果。

关键词: 细粒棘球绦虫, 囊液蛋白, 卵清蛋白, 变应性鼻炎, 小鼠