Abstract: Objective　To investigate the current prevalence of human soil⁃borne nematode infections in Yunnan province, so as to provide the scientific evidence for formulating the soil⁃borne nematodiasis control strategy in the province. Methods　In 2015, a total of 20 survey sites were sampled in 10 counties (cities) of Yunnan Province using the stratified cluster random sampling method. Stool samples were collected from all local permanent residents at ages of one year and older in each survey site, and the soil⁃borne nematode eggs were identified using the modified Kato⁃Katz technique and the egg number was counted. In addition, the hookworm species was identified using the filter⁃paperculture method, and Enterobius vermicularis eggs were detected using the cellophane tape method in children at ages of 3 to 6 years. Results　A total of 5 067 residents received stool examinations, and 950 residents were detected with soil⁃borne nematode infections, with an overall prevalence rate of 18.75%. The prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichura and hookworm was 7.52%, 8.47% and 9.02%, respectively. Among 446 children detected using the cellophane tape method, 5 children were detected with E. vermicularis infections. Among the 160 residents with hookworm infections, there were 139 residents with Necator americanus infections (86.88%), 16 with A. duodenale infections (10.00%) and 5 with mixed infections (3.12%). Mild A. lumbricoides (67.98%, 259/381), T. trichura (88.58%, 380/429) and hookworm infections (94.53%, 432/457) were predominant. Among the four ecological zones, the highest prevalence of human soil⁃borne nematode infections was found in the East Tibet⁃South Sichuan Ecological Zone (31.79%), and among the 10 survey counties (cities), the greatest prevalence was seen in Gongshan Derung and Nu Autonomous County (50.13%), while the lowest prevalence was found in Ninglang Yi Autonomous County (0.40%). The prevalence of human soil⁃borne nematode infections was 5.67% (43/759), 26.67% (610/2 287) and 14.70% (297/2 021) in high⁃, moderate⁃ and low⁃economic⁃level regions, respectively. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of human soil⁃borne nematode infections in terms of ecological regions, survey counties (cities) or economic development levels (χ2 = 342.20, 814.60 and 201.34, all P < 0.05). There was no significantdifference in the prevalence of human soil⁃borne nematode infections between male (18.21%, 441/2 422) and female residents (19.24%, 509/2 645) (χ2 = 0.89, P > 0.05), and soil⁃borne nematode infections were detected in residents at all age groups, with the greatest prevalence found in residents at ages of 1 to 9 years (25.88%). In addition, the highest prevalence of soil⁃borne nematode infections was seen in residents with the Dulong Ethnic Minority (82.09%), in preschool children (25.06%) and in illiterate residents (24.80%), and there was no age⁃, ethnicity⁃, occupation⁃ or education level⁃specific prevalence of soil⁃borne nematode infections detected (χ2 = 46.50, 1 016.96, 36.33 and 52.43, all values P < 0.05). Conclusions　Theprevalence of human soil⁃borne nematode infections remains high in Yunnan Province. The management of soil⁃borne nematodiasis requires to be reinforced among low⁃age children, farmers, old people and residents with low educations levels or ethnic groups.

Key words: Soil?borne nematode, Cross?sectional study, Yunnan Province

摘要： 目的　了解云南省人体土源性线虫病流行现状，为制定全省土源性线虫病防治对策提供科学依据。方法　2015年，采用分层整群随机抽样方法抽取云南省10个县（市）共20个调查点。以各调查点1岁及以上本地常住人口为调查对象，收集调查对象粪便，采用改良加藤厚涂片法检查土源性线虫虫卵并计数，并用试管滤纸培养法鉴别钩虫虫种，3~6岁儿童同时采用透明胶纸肛拭法检查蛲虫卵。结果　共粪检5 067人，检出土源性线虫感染950人，总感染率为18.75%，其中蛔虫、鞭虫、钩虫感染率分别为7.52%、8.47%、9.02%。3 ~ 6岁儿童同时采用透明胶纸肛拭法检查446人，检出蛲虫感染5人。对160例钩虫感染者采用试管滤纸培养法进行钩虫虫种鉴别，其中美洲钩虫感染139人、十二指肠钩虫感染16人、混合感染5人，分别占86.88%（139/160）、10.00%（16/160）和3.12%（5/160）。蛔虫、鞭虫和钩虫轻度感染者分别占67.98%（259/381）、88.58%（380/429）和94.53%（432/457）。调查的4个生态区中，以藏东⁃川西生态区人体土源性线虫感染率最高（31.79%）；10个调查县（市）中，以贡山独龙族怒族自治县人体土源性线虫感染率最高（50.13%），宁蒗彝族自治县最低（0.40%）；高、中和低3类经济水平地区人体土源性线虫感染率分别为5.67%（43/759）、26.67%（610/2 287）和14.70%（297/2 021）；不同生态区、调查县和经济水平地区人体土源性线虫感染率差异均有统计学意义（χ2 = 342.20、814.60、201.34，P < 0.05）。男性土源性线虫感染率为18.21%（441/2 422），女性为19.24%（509/2 645），差异无统计学意义（χ2 = 0.89，P > 0.05）；各年龄组均有感染者，以1 ~ 9岁年龄组土源性线虫感染率最高（25.88%）；不同民族感染者中，以独龙族居民土源性线虫感染率最高（82.09%）；不同职业居民中，以学龄前儿童土源性线虫感染率最高（25.06%）；不同文化程度居民中，以文盲人群土源性线虫感染率最高（24.80%）；不同年龄组、民族、职业和文化程度人群土源性线虫感染率差异均有统计学意义（χ2 = 46.50、1 016.96、36.33、52.43，P 均 < 0.05）。结论　云南省人体土源性线虫感染率仍处于较高水平，应继续加强对低龄儿童、文化程度较低人群、农民、老人和少数民族居民等重点人群防治工作。

关键词: 土源性线虫, 现况调查, 云南省