Abstract: Objective　To re⁃examine the diagnosis results of reported malaria cases in Sichuan Province from 2014 to 2020, so as to assess the malaria diagnostic capability of Sichuan Provincial Malaria Diagnostic Reference Laboratory. Methods　The blood and blood smear samples from reported malaria cases were collected by Sichuan Provincial Malaria Diagnostic Reference Laboratory from 2014 to 2020, and subjected to re⁃examinations using microscopy and nested PCR assay. The re⁃examination results were compared. Results　A total of 1 710 samples from reported malaria cases were re⁃examined by Sichuan Provincial Malaria Diagnostic Reference Laboratory from 2014 to 2020, and 1 634 samples were identified positive, with a positive coincidence rate of 95.56% （1 634/1 710） and a 92.29% (1 508/1 634) total coincidence rate of the Plasmodium species. The coincidence rates with P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. malariae and P. ovale were 99.48% (961/966), 97.07% (430/443), 83.05% (98/118) and 67.86% (19/28), respectively, and the coincidence rate was 91.81%（1 513/1 648） between microscopic and nested⁃PCR results. Conclusions　The capability of microscopists remains weak at grassroot medical institutions in Sichuan Province. Further training is required among microscopists to improve the malaria surveillance capability in Sichuan Province during the post⁃elimination stage.

Key words: Malaria, Elimination, Reference laboratory, Sichuan Province

摘要： 目的　对2014—2020年四川省疟疾报告病例检测结果进行复核，评价四川省疟疾诊断参比实验室疟疾诊断能力。方法　对2014—2020年四川省疟疾诊断参比实验室收集的疟疾报告病例血液和血涂片样本采用镜检和巢式PCR法进行复核，对复核结果进行比较分析。结果　2014—2020年四川省疟疾诊断参比实验室累计复核1 710例疟疾报告病例样本，其中阳性样本复核1 634例，阳性符合率为95.56%（1 634/1 710）；疟原虫虫种完全一致1 508例，虫种一致率为92.29%（1 508/1 634）；恶性疟原虫、间日疟原虫、三日疟原虫、卵形疟原虫检测符合率分别为99.48%（961/966）、97.07%（430/443）、83.05%（98/118）和67.86%（19/28）；镜检法与巢式PCR检测方法一致率为91.81%（1 513/1 648）。结论　四川省基层医疗机构镜检人员的疟原虫镜检能力仍有不足；今后应继续加强镜检人员培训工作，以提高消除后疟疾再传播监测工作能力。

关键词: 疟疾, 消除, 参比实验室, 四川省