Abstract: Babesiosis is an important tick?transmitted zoonosis caused by hematotropic parasites of the genus Babesia, zoonosis disease, which is widely distributed across the world. There are 12 species of Babesia causing human diseases, including B. microti, B. divergens, B. venatorum and B. duncani. The clinical symptoms of human Babesia infections mainly include fever, headache, chills, myalgia and fatigue, and severe infections may cause death. The diagnosis of babesiosis mainly depends on laboratory testing combined with clinical manifestations and epidemiological surveys, and the diagnostic techniques mainly include microscopic examinations of the blood smears, serological tests and molecular biological assays. Currently, azithromycin?atovaquone or clindamycin?quinine combinations are common treatments for babesiosis. This review summarizes the clinical features following human infections with various species of Babesia, the diagnostic techniques and diagnostic criteria of babesiosis and the currently available treatments for babesiosis.

Key words: Babesiosis, Clinical manifestation, Diagnosis, Treatment

摘要： 巴贝虫病是一种重要的蜱传人兽共患血液寄生虫病，在全球分布较广泛。对人致病的巴贝虫主要有田鼠巴贝虫、分歧巴贝虫、猎户巴贝虫和邓肯巴贝虫等12种。巴贝虫感染人体后主要临床症状为发热、头痛、寒战、肌痛和疲劳等，严重时可致死。巴贝虫病主要通过实验室检测结合临床特征、流行病学调查进行诊断，诊断技术主要包括血涂片镜检、血清学检测和分子生物学检测。目前，巴贝虫病常采用阿奇霉素与阿托伐醌联用或克林霉素与奎宁联用进行治疗。本文对不同巴贝虫虫种感染人体后的临床特征、巴贝虫病诊断技术和诊断标准，以及国内外常用治疗方法进行综述。

关键词: 巴贝虫病, 临床特征, 诊断, 治疗