Abstract: Mosquito is a vector of many infectious diseases， and it is recognized a leading killer of human in the world. After the Belt and Road Initiative launches， more are countries involved and the international communication and cooperation are significantly growing in China. Therefore， the risk of imported infectious diseases is increasing as well， some mosquito?borne diseases which have been well controlled or seldom seen in China， will be more risky to cause locally transmission from imported cases and become the threat to people’s health in China. This paper reviews the risk of major imported mosquito borne?diseases to China， and discusses the control strategy as well， so as to provide the suggestion for entry?exit inspection and control of imported mosquito?borne diseases in China.

Key words: Belt and Road Initiative； Mosquito?borne disease； Transmission risk； Control strategy

摘要： 蚊子是多种传染病的传播媒介，是全球公认的危害人类健康的“头号杀手”。随着“一带一路”倡议的推进，以及合作国家和地区的不断增多，我国对外国际交流与合作也将进一步增加。在此背景下，境外输入传染病的风险也将增高，一些我国已得到有效控制或不常见蚊媒传染病，通过境外输入而引起我国继发传播与流行的风险也进一步增加，有可能严重威胁我国人民的身体健康和生命安全。本文主要就当前主要蚊媒传染病的输入风险及防控对策进行述评，为我国出入境卫生检疫和输入性蚊媒传染病的防控提供借鉴和参考。

关键词: “一带一路”倡议；蚊媒传染病；传播风险；防控对策