Abstract:

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of malaria reported in the malaria surveillance system in Jinan City from 2012 to 2016, so as to provide the evidence for improving the ability of diagnosis， treatment， prevention and control of malaria. Methods The data of all reported malaria cases in the malaria surveillance system were retrospectively analyzed. Results From 2012 to 2016， 91 malaria cases were found in Jinan City， of which one patient died. All the cases were imported and 95.60% （87 cases） of them came from Africa （note： most of the people were Chinese residents who had been in Africa for the export of labor service and came back China）. Falciparum malaria accounted for the most （82.42%， 75 cases）. All the cases were adult males， and were mainly migrant workers. The median time from onset to being confirmedly diagnosed was 5 days， and the median time from seeing a doctor to being diagnosed was 1 day. The medical institutions where the patients first visited were mainly municipal medical institutions （42 cases， 46.15%）. The misdiagnosis rate was 100% in village clinics and township health centers （8/8 and 2/2， respectively）. The misdiagnosis rate was lowest in the municipal medical institutions （3/42， 7.14%）. There were 41 malaria patients （45.05%） with complications. Conclusions The situation of overseas imported malaria in Jinan City is becoming more and more serious. It is necessary to further strengthen the related professional training for doctors and strengthen the multi?sectoral cooperation for health education， etc. in order to find the cases in time and conduct the active standardized treatment， so as to prevent the second generation cases.

Key words: Imported malaria； Epidemic characteristic； Epidemic situation； Jinan City

摘要：

目的 分析2012-2016年济南市疟疾监测系统发现的疟疾病例流行特点，为进一步提高疟疾诊治水平和防控能力提供依据。方法 回顾性分析2012-2016年济南市疟疾监测结果。结果 2012-2016年，济南市共发现疟疾病例91例，死亡1例。病例均为输入性病例，其中自非洲输入最多，占95.60%（87例）；虫种以恶性疟最多，占82.42%（75例）。病例均为成年男性，以农民工为主。病例自发病至确诊，中位数为5 d，从首次就诊至确诊，中位数为1 d。首次就诊单位以市级医疗单位为主，占46.15%（42例）。首次就诊误诊率较高，村、乡镇级误诊率分别为100%（8/8、2/2）；市级医疗机构误诊率最低，为7.14%（3/42）。45.05%（41例）的疟疾病例出现并发症。结论 济南市输入性疟疾疫情日趋严峻，需进一步加强医务人员相关培训和多部门合作开展宣传教育，及时发现病例，积极救治，防止二代病例的发生。

关键词: 输入性疟疾；流行特征；疫情；济南市