Abstract: As the only intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum， Oncomelania hupensis in China is mainly distributed in the Yangtze River Basin. The origin of the O. hupensis and the spatio?temporal variations of its distribution and diffusion in the Yangtze River Basin and the influencing factors， as well as significances in schistosomiasis elimination in China are reviewed in this paper.

Key words: Oncomelania hupensis； Origin； Distribution； Diffusion； Yangtze River

摘要： 湖北钉螺是日本血吸虫的唯一中间宿主，在我国主要分布于长江流域。本文对我国长江流域钉螺的起源、分布和扩散的时空演变规律和影响因素，及其对消灭血吸虫病的作用等进行了综述。

关键词: 钉螺；起源；分布；扩散；长江