Abstract: Objective To study the expression profiles of circulating microRNAs （miRNAs） in newly?developed advanced schistosomiasis patients. Methods Ten healthy controls （Group 1），ten patients with schistosomiasis history （without advanced schistosomiasis， Group 2） and ten patients with newly?developed advanced schistosomiasis（Group 3） were randomly selected from Jiangsu Province. The expression profiles of 570 human related circulatingmiRNAs were measured and analyzed with the Agilent Human microRNAs microarray Rel 12.0. Results Compared to the healthy controls， four miRNAs were up?regulated， while 16 miRNAs were down?regulated in the patients with newly?developed advanced schistosomiasis. Moreover， six miRNAs were up?regulated， while 21 miRNAs were down?regulated in the patients in Group 2. Among of them， the expression level of miR?383 was significantly decreased by 4.23 and 11.82 folds in Group 2 and Group 3， respectively. Conclusions There are significant differences among the healthy controls， patients with schistosomiasis history （without advanced schistosomiasis） and the patients with newly?developed advanced schistosomiasisin the expression profiles of circulatingmiRNAs. Moreover， circulating miR?383 might be involved in the development of newly?developed advanced schistosomiasis.

Key words: Newly?developed advanced schistosomiasis；Circulating miRNAs；Differential expression profile

摘要： 目的 研究新发展晚期血吸虫病（晚血）患者循环miRNAs的表达谱特征。方法 选取新发展晚血患者、未达到晚血的有史经治人群和健康对照人群各10例，采用Agilent Human microRNAs microarray Rel 12.0芯片，检测570个人类相关的循环miRNAs的表达水平，分析各组循环miRNAs的表达差异。结果 与健康对照人群相比，新发展晚血患者的miRNAs有4个表达上调，16个表达下调。而在健康对照和有史经治组的血清中存在着差异表达的miRNAs共有27个，其中6个表达上调，21个表达下调。其中miR?383在有史经治组和新发展晚血患者组中的表达分别降低了4.23倍和11.82倍。结论 新发展晚血患者、有史经治者和健康人群之间循环miRNAs的表达特征存在显著差异，循环miR?383可能与新发展晚血的发生发展有关，值得进一步研究。

关键词: 新发展晚期血吸虫病；循环miRNAs；差异表达