Abstract: bjective To investigate the epidemiology， diagnosis and treatment of an imported falciparum malaria patient in Xilin County， Baise City， so as to provide the reference for improving the diagnosis and treatment of falciparum malaria patients in the future. Methods The epidemiological and clinical data were collected and analyzed. Results The patient had lived in Africa where the malaria was epidemic. The disease attacked him after his coming back home from abroad. The blood test for Plasmodium falciparum was positive. In Xilin County， no local Plasmodium infection was found from 2004 to 2016， and therefore， we concluded that this case was overseas imported. Conclusion The monitoring of overseas returnees in Xilin County should be strengthened to timely diagnose and treat the imported cases of malaria.

Key words: Falciparum malaria； Imported case； Xilin County

摘要： 目的 对百色市报告的1例输入性恶性疟病例的流行病学及诊疗情况进行分析，为今后发现及治疗输入性疟疾病例提供科学依据。方法 对患者的流行病学史、诊疗经过等资料进行收集、整理和分析。 结果 该例患者有明确的非洲务工史，驻地为疟疾流行区，回国后发病，RDT、血检、PCR证实恶性疟原虫感染阳性。西林县2004年至2016年未发现本地感染疟疾病例，推断病例为境外感染本地发病。结论 西林县需加强境外返乡人员的监测，尽早发现疟疾病例并及时治疗，以防止死亡病例的出现。

关键词: 恶性疟；输入性病例；西林县