Abstract: Objective To produce a comprehensive transcript dataset of Oncomelania hupensis before and after Schistosoma japonicum infection， so as to provide experimental data for perfecting genetic structural information and excavating related molecular markers of O. hupensis infected by S. japonicum. Methods O. hupensis snails were divided into the following 3 groups： one week after S. japonicum miracidium infection， 4 weeks after S. japonicum miracidium infection， and normal condition. Million high?quality reads were obtained from the normalized cDNA of the pooled samples， which were assembled into transcripts. Results A total of 63 686 unigenes were identified and were classified into 4 main categories， including general functional prediction （15.36%）， signal transduction mechanism （11.75%）， posttranslational modification （8.89%）， and functional unknown （12.20%）. Conclusions The transcriptome information of O. hupensis snail after the invasion of S. japonicum shows that several genes are significantly up?regulated or down regulated expression， and that the availability of transcriptome information might provide a strong foundation for further understanding the schistosome?snail interaction at the molecular level.

Key words: Schistosoma japonicum； Oncomelania hupensis； RNA-seq； de novo assembly； Transcriptome

摘要： 目的 利用基于RNA?seq的二代测序技术分析日本血吸虫侵袭前后的湖北钉螺转录组的表达，为进一步完善湖北钉螺基因结构信息及挖掘血吸虫感染钉螺相关分子标记提供实验数据。方法 分别提取日本血吸虫毛蚴感染后第7天、第30天湖北钉螺组织和正常钉螺组织的总RNA，经RNA质量检测合格后建立eDNA文库，利用Illumina NextSeq500 测序仪进行测序得到原始序列数据；测序数据经过滤和de novo拼接后，进一步开展转录本注释和聚类分析。结果 共得到63 686条广泛通用的基因数据（Unique gene， Unigene），基因功能注释及功能群组聚类分析结果显示，一般性功能蛋白质编码Unigene占比最多（15.36%），其次是信号转导（11.75%）、转录后修饰（8.89%）等，此外还有较高比例的未知功能蛋白质编码Unigene（12.20%）。结论 日本血吸虫侵袭后的湖北钉螺转录组表达信息显示有数个基因呈显著性上调或下调表达，本研究为从分子水平研究湖北钉螺与血吸虫感染相互作用奠定了基础。

关键词: 日本血吸虫；湖北钉螺；RNA 测序；de novo拼接；转录组