Abstract:

Objective To observe the developmental threshold temperature and the effective accumulated temperature of Plasmodium vivax sporozoites in Anopheles sinensis in Jiangsu Province，and to analyze the impact of temperature on the develop? ment of Plasmodium vivax. Methods The Anopheles sinensis mosquitoes were maintained under different temperatures of 16±0.5， 19±0.5，22±0.5，25±0.5，28±0.5 ℃ and 31±0.5 ℃ in incubators after membrane feeding with Plasmodium vivax infected blood at laboratory. The salivary glands of Anopheles sinensis were dissected to confirm the development of sporozoite under different temper? atures，and the developmental threshold temperature and the effective accumulated temperature of Plasmodium vivax sporozoites in Anopheles sinensis were calculated. The theoretical number of generations of Plasmodium vivax in Anopheles sinensis per year was calculated based on the average monthly temperatures of 13 municipalities in Jiangsu Province. Results The average developmen? tal threshold temperature of Plasmodium vivax in Anopheles sinensis in Jiangsu Province was 15.31 ℃，the average effective accu? mulated temperature was 109.81 day?degrees，and the optimal temperature for the proliferation of Plasmodium vivax was 25-28 ℃. The theoretical generation number of Plasmodium vivax in sinensis in south Jiangsu was 1-3 generations being more than that in the north of the province. Conclusions Temperature is one of the important influencing factors for the development of Plasmodi? um. The chance for Anopheles sinensis to transmit malaria increases under the temperature of 25-28 ℃. However，other factors should be considered in the establishment of early warning system of malaria.

Key words: Malaria；Anopheles sinensis；Plasmodium vivax；Temperature；Early warning；Jiangsu Province

摘要：

目的观察间日疟原虫在江苏省中华按蚊体内的发育起点温度和有效积温，分析温度对江苏省中华按蚊体内间日疟原虫发育的影响。方法通过体外人工饲血系统感染实验室饲养的中华按蚊，感染后分别在16±0.5、19±0.5、22±0.5、 25±0.5、28±0.5、31±0.5 ℃条件下饲养。解剖中华按蚊的唾液腺，观察不同温度下间日疟原虫子孢子进入中华按蚊唾液腺的最早时间，计算间日疟原虫在中华按蚊体内的发育起点温度和有效积温。根据江苏省13个市月平均气温，计算中华按蚊理论年发育疟原虫代数。结果江苏省中华按蚊体内间日疟原虫发育的起点温度平均为15.31 ℃，有效积温为109.81 日度。间日疟原虫在中华按蚊体内增殖的最适温度为25～28 ℃。江苏省中华按蚊理论年发育疟原虫代数南部比北部多 1～3代。结论温度是影响疟原虫发育的重要因素，温度为25～28 ℃时，江苏省中华按蚊传播疟疾的机会增大。但在建立疟疾疫情预警系统时还应考虑其他因素。

关键词: 疟疾；中华按蚊；间日疟原虫；温度；预警；江苏省