Abstract:

Objective To evaluate the effect of the water conservancy schistosomiasis control projects in rivers and estuaries connecting with the Yangtze River on Oncomelania snail control. Methods Three water conservancy schistosomiasis control projects of Laobianmin River，Panjia River and Bianmin River were chosen for the objects of the study. The concrete slope protection and the overflow dam，the concrete slope protection and the check sluice，and the simple concrete slope protection were built respectively in above mentioned three rivers. The changes of the area with snails and density of snails were investigated before and after the interventions，and the results were compared among the three projects. Results In the condition of the routine snail control with the molluscicide，the snails were eliminated in the main riverway of the Laobianmin River，but the snails still existed in the target protected area（tributaries of the river and irrigation areas）；the snails were eliminated in the Panjia River and its irrigation areas；in the Bianmin River，the areas with snails dropped by 89.22% in the main river and still remained in the tributaries and irrigation areas after the project implementation. Conclusions The sluice and overflow dam more contribute to control and eliminate snails in the project areas and the target protected areas in the rivers and estuaries connecting with the Yangtze River.The priority of consideration should be given to the water level control and prevention of snail spreading in the water level instability rivers connecting with the Yangtze River.

Key words: Oncomelania snail；Rivers connecting with the Yangtze River；Water conservancy schistosomiasis control project；Slope protection；Sluice；Overflow dam

摘要：

目的评价通江河道及河口水利血防工程钉螺控制效果。方法选择老便民河、潘家河和新便民河3项水利血防工程作为研究对象，分别实施河岸硬化+河口溢流坝工程、河岸硬化+河口建闸工程和主河道及部分支流河岸硬化工程。现场观察工程实施前、后工程区及目标保护区钉螺面积和钉螺密度变化，比较不同水利血防工程对通江河道钉螺控制的效果。结果在实施常规药物灭螺条件下，老便民河工程实施后主河道钉螺即被消除，但目标保护区（支流河道及灌区）钉螺仍未能消除；潘家河工程实施后即消除了主河道及支流和灌区钉螺；新便民河工程实施后主河道钉螺面积下降89.22%，支流及灌区钉螺面积则维持不变。结论通江河道河口建闸或溢流坝更有利于工程区及目标保护区钉螺控制，在水位不稳定的通江河道实施水利血防工程应优先考虑控制水位和防止钉螺扩散。

关键词: 钉螺；通江河道；水利血防工程；护坡；节制闸；溢流坝