Abstract:

Objective To evaluate the medium?term effect and stability of the schistosomiasis comprehensive control strategy based on infectious source control after its popularization and application in marshland endemic areas. Methods The schistosomi? asis comprehensive control strategy based on infectious source control including“replacing buffalo with machine”， “marshlands isolation and grazing forbidden”，etc. was implemented in all villages of Sanli Township，a heavy endemic area with schistosomia? sis in Jianxian County. The infection situation of schistosomiasis in population and Oncomelania snails in 4 villages around the lake were monitored regularly for 6 consecutive years. Results The infection rate of schistosomiasis in population significantly de? creased after the comprehensive control measures were carried out. Two years later，the infection rate in Huangjia Village was 0， and was sustained at zero for 5 consecutive years；the infection rate in Fengfu Village decreased by 77.24% and stabilized to zero for the next three years；the population infection rates in Fanrong Village and Caomen Village decreased by 82.33% and 82.53%， respectively，then the infection rates of the two villages kept under 1% and were 0 for 2 years and 1 year，respectively. The num? ber of spots with infected snails in two marshlands in pilot areas decreased yearly from 10 before the intervention to 0，in which， the infection rate of snails and the number of spots with infected snails in Huangjiaoniu Marshland and Goulian Marshland de? creased to zero 1 year and 3 years after the strategy was implemented，respectively，and the infected snails were not found in these marshlands in following years. Conclusion Strengthening the management of buffaloes in surrounding areas and utilizing marsh? land resources is the main measure that can consolidate and expand the medium?term and long?term effect of the schistosomiasis comprehensive strategy based on infectious source control.

Key words: Schistosomiasis； Infectious source；Comprehensive control； Effect evaluation； Poyang Lake area

摘要：

目的 评估以传染源控制为主的血吸虫病综合防治策略在湖沼型流行区推广应用的中期效果。方法 在鄱阳湖血吸虫病重度流行区进贤县三里乡全面实施以机代牛、 封洲禁牧等以传染源控制为主的综合防治措施， 连续6年定期监测4个沿湖村人群和钉螺血吸虫感染率变化。结果 实施综合防治措施2年后， 黄家村人群血吸虫感染率下降为0， 并连续5年保持为0； 丰富村人群感染率下降了77.24%， 后连续3年为0； 繁荣、 曹门村人群感染率分别下降了82.33%和82.53%，后3年均维持在< 1%， 且分别连续2年和1年为0。试点区2块草洲感染性钉螺点数从实施综合防治措施前的10处逐年下降到0， 其中黄家牛洲和勾连洲分别于1年和3年后钉螺感染率和阳性螺点数均下降为0， 以后均未发现感染性钉螺。结论 加强对周边地区牛的管理和草洲资源开发利用， 是巩固与扩大以传染源控制为主的血吸虫病综合防治策略中远期效果的主要手段。

关键词: 血吸虫病； 传染源； 综合防治； 效果评价； 鄱阳湖区