Abstract:

Objective To understand the composition，seasonal variation，as well as carrying insect vectors (including tick， flea，mite) of rat?shaped animals in Ningde Harbor area，so as to provide the evidence for prevention and control of rodent?borne diseases. Methods From July 2009 to June 2010，2 dockyards were investigated according to the monitoring methods of The In? dustry Standard Inspection and Quarantine of China． Results A total of 171 rat?shaped animals (4 species，2 genera，2 fami? lies，and 2 orders) were captured，among which Rattus norvegicus was the dominant species. The overall rat density was 3.58%. The indexes of flea，mite and tick were 0.01，0.33，and 0.05，respectively. Conclusions The rat density at Ningde Harbor has not reached the national standard (< 1％)，which suggests that the measures of rat monitoring at dockyards in Ningde Harbor should be enforced.

Key words: Rat?shaped animal； Insect vector；Rat density； Ningde Harbor

摘要：

目的 了解宁德港区船厂鼠形动物的种群构成、 季节消长、 体表媒介生物(蜱、 蚤、 螨)携带情况， 为灭鼠以及传染病监测工作提供科学依据。方法 按照 《中国出入境检验检疫行业标准》 制定的鼠、 蚤、 蜱、 螨等4种媒介生物监测方法， 于 2009年7月-2010年6月选择2个造船厂进行了为期1年的调查。结果 共捕获鼠形动物171只， 其中鼠类128只， 鼠类密度3.58%， 鼠形动物隶属2目2科2属4种， 褐家鼠为优势种属， 鼠密度存在明显季节性； 检获蚤1匹， 种属鉴定为不等单蚤；螨56匹， 总染螨率为10.53%， 总革螨指数为0.33， 隶属2科3属4种； 蜱9匹， 总染蜱率为3.51%， 总蜱指数为0.05， 种属鉴定均为全沟硬蜱。 结论 宁德船厂的鼠形动物及体表媒介种群均为福建省普遍存在的媒介生物种类， 未见新品种， 但鼠密度指标未达到我国＜1%的行业标准， 应加强对鼠及其寄生虫媒介的监测。

关键词: 鼠形动物； 昆虫媒介； 鼠密度； 宁德港