Abstract:

Objective To investigate the distribution，classification and reformation of all sluices located in the Dongting Lake region，and found out the relationship between irrigation and Oncomelania snail diffusion. Methods The information of sluices and their reformation were collected from the local Department of Water Resources and the information of snail conditions collected from the Department of Schistosomiasis Control. The latitude and longitude of each sluice were pinpointed and record with GPSmap76. All the data were analyzed statistically. Results There were a total of 589 sluices in the Dongting Lake region in? cluding 190 Kejinluo sluices（snails might enter through the sluice，69 were reformed）and 49 Jinluo sluices（snails could enter through the sluice，8 were reformed） . The occurrence rate of snails was higher in water sluice than in drain sluice，and there was a significant difference between them（P < 0.05）；the occurrence rate of snails in the sluice was higher when there were snails out? side the sluice than when there was no snails outside the sluice，and there was a significant difference between them （P < 0.05） . Conclusions The main source of snails in the sluice is from the outside of the sluice and irrigation is the main way that snails spread into sluice. The sluices should be reformed effectively，and the snails inside and outside sluice should also be destroyed ef? fectively in order to consolidate the effect of snail control inside the embankment.

Key words: Oncomelania snail； Sluice；Snail diffusion； Dongting Lake region

摘要：

目的 了解洞庭湖区所有涵闸分布分类及改造情况， 探讨涵闸运行与钉螺扩散分布的关系。方法 收集当地水利部门涵闸和血防部门查螺资料， 用GPS map76精确定位每座涵闸的经纬度并做记录。结果 洞庭湖区共有涵闸589座，可进螺闸190座， 已改造69座； 进螺闸49座， 已改造8座。引水闸钉螺出现率明显高于排渍闸 （χ2 =4.48， P ＜ 0.05）； 涵闸外有螺时闸内钉螺出现率明显高于涵闸外无螺时 （χ2 =8.78， P ＜ 0.05）。结论 引水灌溉是洞庭湖区涵闸外钉螺向涵闸内扩散的主要途径。进螺闸亟需改造， 同时应加强涵闸内外灭螺， 以巩固垸内灭螺效果。

关键词: 钉螺； 涵闸； 钉螺扩散； 洞庭湖区