Abstract:

Objective To understand the status of knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) and health education needs for malaria prevention and treatment of rural residents in Hai'an County. Methods Hai'an County was divided into three regions of east, south and north, and the primary and secondary students and residents were selected with the multi?stage sampling method and investigated with questionnaire for the status of KAP and the health education needs of malaria control. The results were analyzed statistically. Results The awareness rates of malaria transmission, symptoms, prevention knowledge in the residents were significantly higher than those in the students (P < 0.05). The awareness rates of malaria prevention knowledge in the residents had significant differences among the residents with different education levels (P < 0.05), and the education levels were positively correlated with the awareness rates of malaria prevention knowledge. The main ways of rural residents to get their knowledge of malaria control were radio, newspapers, the village doctors, public health bulletin, posters, students, and television caption in order; the main ways of students to get their knowledge of malaria control were television, newspapers, public health bulletin, teachers, radio, and flyers in order. Conclusions We should pay full attention to the advantages of mass media to carry out the extensive health education on malaria prevention and control, and should also take into account the different characteristics of the audience.

Key words: Malaria, Health education, Hai'an County

摘要：

目的 了解海安县农村居民疟疾防治知识、 态度、 行为及健康教育需求。方法 将海安县分为东、 南、 北3片， 采用多阶段抽样方法， 对中小学生、 居民疟疾防治知识知晓率与健康教育需求进行问卷调查和统计学分析。结果 居民对疟疾传播途径、 症状、 预防等知识的知晓率明显高于学生 （P均＜0.05）； 居民疟疾知识知晓率在文化程度上差异有统计学意义 （P均＜0.05）， 文化程度与疟疾知识知晓率呈正比。农村居民获取疟疾知识的主要途径依次为： 广播、 报纸、 村医、 公共卫生宣传栏、 宣传画、 学生、 电视滚动字幕； 中小学生获取疟疾知识的主要途径依次为： 电视、 报纸、 公共卫生宣传栏、 老师、 广播、 老师、 宣传单。结论 应充分发挥大众传播媒介的优势， 广泛开展疟疾防治健康教育核心信息的宣传； 在选择宣传资料和形式时， 应兼顾受众的不同特点， 引入广告行业中倡导的 “共生媒体” 理念。

关键词: 疟疾；健康教育；海安县