Abstract:

Objective To understand the dynamic of the epidemic situation of schistosomiasis in Jinbao Channel areas, so as to provide the evidence for surveillance and early-warning of schistosomiasis in the east route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project. Methods The conventional methods were used for the surveillance of Oncomelania hupensis snails in the first grade tributary and the flood land of Jinbao Channel. The methods of net salvage and attracting snails with rice straw curtains were used for snail surveys underwater in the surveillance sites. The residents, fishermen and crew were surveyed for schistosomiasis in the regions along the Jinbao Channel. The situation of the fishing boats carrying snails were surveyed, too. Results The accumulated areas where snails were checked were 364.20 hm2. A total of 2 785 kg floats were collected and 400 pieces of rice straw curtains were placed in the surveillance sites, but no snails were found form 2006 to 2010. A total of 7 951 persons were surveyed for schistosomiasis by the serological test, and the total positive rate was 0.92%. The positive rates in the residents and fishermen were 0.79% and 1.55%, respectively. The fishmen’s seropositive rate was higher than the residents’ (χ2＝7.11，P＜0.01). A total of 65 people received fecal examinations and there was one infected case. A total of 54 fishboats and 93 fishing gears were detected for snails but no snails were found. Conclusion There were no snails and schistosomiasis transmission, but there were the risks of entrance of schistosome infection source in the regions along the Jinbao Channel in the east route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, therefore, the long-term surveillance is necessary.

Key words: Schistosomiasis, Oncomelania snail, East route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, Jinbao Channel, Surveillance

摘要：

目的 了解南水北调东线工程金宝航道血吸虫病疫情动态，为东线工程血吸虫病监测预警提供科学依据。 方法 每年对金宝航道及其一级支流、周边滩地进行钉螺调查，选择金宝航道退水闸段为监测点，采用网捞法和稻草帘诱螺法进行钉螺扩散监测。对沿线居民、渔船民进行血吸虫病监测，同时对渔船携螺情况进行调查。 结果 2006-2010年共查螺364.20 hm2，打捞漂浮物2 785㎏，投放稻草帘400块，结果均未发现钉螺。血清学查病7 951人，阳性率0.92%。其中居民阳性率0.79%，渔船民阳性率1.55%,二者差异有统计学意义（χ2＝7.11，P＜0.01）。粪检65人，发现血吸虫病人1例。检测渔船54只，渔具93条，未发现渔船船体吸附钉螺和渔具携带钉螺。 结论 南水北调东线工程金宝航道沿线未发现钉螺和血吸虫病传播，但存在血吸虫病传染源输入的风险，有必要开展长期监测。

关键词: 血吸虫病, 钉螺, 南水北调东线工程, 金宝航道, 监测